The European Union has condemned the "appalling conditions" of Italian migrant centres after video emerged of apparent mistreatment on the island of Lampedusa.
Italy's Rai 2 TV broadcast secret footage shot inside a detention centre showing naked inmates being sprayed down with water after an alleged scabies outbreak.
The man who shot the mobile phone footage, reportedly an unnamed Syrian refugee, said men and women are regularly sprayed down.
EU Home Affairs Commissioner Cecilia Malmstroem on Wednesday promised to take action if various detention centres are not improved.
"We have already started investigations into the appalling conditions in many Italian detention centres, including Lampedusa," she said on Twitter.
"The EU is committed to assist Italy in receiving migrants, but it has to be done in decent conditions."
Coffins laid out of those killed in the October sinking Lampedusa made headlines in October after a migrant ship sank en route to the island, killing more than 300 people.
The overloaded boat was carrying hundreds of African asylum seekers from Libya and sank after a fire was started.
A second boat capsized in the same week in the Canal of Sicily, killing at least 27 people.
More than 13,000 people have tried to reach Lampedusa this year, more than double the population of the island.
Ms Malmstroem said: "We will not hesitate to launch an infringement procedure to make sure EU standards and obligations are fully respected."
A refugee is pulled out of the water by a coast guard Earlier this month, the EU published a list of proposals aimed at tackling human trafficking and avoiding further boating disasters.
The proposals include increased border surveillance, boosting EU assistance to member states facing the biggest influx of migrants, improving the fight against human trafficking and opening more legal channels to reach Europe - including resettling more refugees in the EU.
They will be discussed in an upcoming EU leaders' summit later this week.
Up to 20,000 migrants have died at sea trying to reach Europe in the past 20 years, according to immigration charities.
However, tackling the complex issue is tricky at a time when Europe is in economic stagnation.
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